Electrical
Systems
·
Ohms law: ohms law states that the
potential difference (volts) is equal to the resistance (ohm) multiplied by the
current (amps).
·
Therefore :
V = I x R
R = V / I
I = V / R
Series
and parallel
If batteries are connected in series the volts
add up but the amps stay the same
If batteries are connected in parallel
the volts stay the same but the amps add up
When resisters are connected in series
the ohms add up and in parallel the ohms are worked out using the formula Rt = (R1 x R2) / (R1 + R2)
If components are connected in series the
volts is the sum of the drop over the resistance the current stays the same throughout the
circuit. If the components are connected in parallel the voltage is the same
for all the components but the current drops.
Measuring
ohms, amps and volts using a multimeter
1. Check
that the cables are in the right ports (indicated by labels)
2. Set
the multimeter to the right setting
3. For
the potential difference (volts) connect the cables in parallel to the
component that needs to measured
4. For
the current (amps) connect the cables in series
to the circuit
5. When
using the ohm setting to measure the resistance make sure that all the power is
disconnected from the component to be measured, if not the multimeter may get
damaged.
Health
and safety
·
Always follow the warning signs and wear
the right protective equipment
·
Look out for hazards while working and
either solve the problem or tell someone who can
·
Beware of poisonous fumes that are given
off while working on a car
·
Do not expose your skin to car oil for
long periods of time, wear gloves or a barrier cream
·
Beware of hot engine/car parts
·
Do not work under car that is only jacked
up, use axel stands
·
Be careful when working with fuel lines
that are under pressure
·
Wear safety glasses when working under cars
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